LED (light emitting diode)

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What is a LED?

LED is an acronym that stands for light-emitting diode. Inside each LED there is a semiconductor that reacts to a continuous voltage source, generating light; this process is known as electroluminescence. Different types of LED can be created depending on the manufacturing and circuitry assembly technology used.

LED technology

A LED’s light-emitting operation is based on the activation of an inorganic semiconductor due to an electrical current. Depending on the compound used for the semiconductor, different types of light emissions and colors can be achieved. Take a look at the list below, where you will find the most common LED colors and their semiconductor composition:

COLORWAVE LENGTH (NM)COMPOUND
 INFRARED RADIATION
λ > 760 NM

Gallium arsenide (GaAs)
Gallium-aluminium arsenide (AlGaAs)
RED610 NM < λ < 760 NMGallium-aluminium arsenide (AlGaAs)
Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP)
Gallium-indium-aluminum phosphide (AlGaInP)
Gallium phosphate (GaP)
 ORANGE590 NM < λ < 610 NMGallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP)
Gallium-indium-aluminum phosphide (AlGaInP)
Gallium phosphate (GaP)
YELLOW570 NM < λ < 590 NM

Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP))
Gallium-indium-aluminum phosphide (AlGaInP)
Gallium phosphate (GaP)
GREEN500 NM < λ < 570 NMGallium phosphate (GaP)
Gallium-indium-aluminum phosphide (AlGaInP)
Gallium-aluminium phosphide (ALGAP)
BLUE450 NM < λ < 500 NM
Zinc Selenide (ZnSe)
Indium gallium nitride (InGaN)
Silicon carbide (SiC) as a substrate
VIOLET400 NM < λ < 450 NMIndium gallium nitride (InGaN)
ULTRAVIOLET570 NM < λ < 590 NM

Indium gallium nitride (InGaN) (385-400NM)
Diamond (c) (235NM) 73
Boron nitride (BN) (215NM)74 75
Aluminum nitride (ALN)(210NM)76
REDCOMBINATION OF SEVERAL

Blue with one or two layers of phosphorus
Yellow with red, orange or pink phosphorus
WHITEWide spectrum

Zinc Selenide (ZnSe)
Indium gallium nitride (InGaN)
Silicon carbide (SiC) as a substrate

LED’s applications and uses

The first successful commercial use for LED-based technologies began with the infrared diodes commonly used in remote controls of all kinds of devices. However, LED-based technology is currently widespread across several industries.

The success and acceptance of LED-based lighting systems is due to its long lifespan, low energy consumption and great durability.

The advancement in LED-based technology has led to the creation of large sized LED screens, such as the ones placed in crowded areas used for advertisement and as information boards.

Due to its many benefits and advantages over traditional systems, it is no wonder that LED screens have become attractive for consumers and an attraction for the public; as we keep seeing an increased adoption of this technology in our streets and avenues.

LED Types

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DIP LED

  • High environmental resistance
  • High brightness levels
  • Better colour fidelity and definition than conventional DIP LEDs
  • Unique 3-colour encapsulation
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SMD LED

  • Better vision at close distances
  • Unique encapsulation of the 3 colours
  • Better picture definition
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ANTIVANDALIC LED

  • Same advantages as SMD LED
  • Additional protection dome against impact or extreme environments

There are several types of LED-based technology for advertising LED screens:

LED DIP (Dual in-line package)

A highly resistant encapsulated LED that only emits one color. Commonly used in LED panels forming the RGB tricolor set (any color can be created with a combination of these three). These LEDs are a good option for outdoor LED screens, as they resist environmental wear and have great luminosity. The only drawback is their reduced viewing angle.

SMD LED (Surface-Mounted Device)

SMD LEDs combines red, green and blue (RGB) in a single package. This allows for smaller pixels with good viewing angles. While SMD LEDs are used for both indoor screens and outdoor screens ,they tend be less resistant and dimmer than the DIPs.

Vandal resistant / Outdoor resistant LED

Combining the strength and durability of the DIP LED with the versatility and definition of the SMD LED, this technology has an additional protective encapsulation that protects the LED’s semiconductors. This is the reason why it is more expensive than the SMD or DIP LEDs.

  • Gran resistencia ambiental
  • Niveles de brillo elevado
  • Mejor fidelidad de color y definición que el led DIP convencional
  • Encapusulado único con 3 colores
  • Mejor visión a distancias cercancas
  • Encapsulado único de los 3 colores
  • Mejor definición de imagen
  • Mismas ventajas que el LED SMD
  • Cúpula de protección adicional contra impactos o ambientes extremos

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